以逆时针螺旋形式打印给定矩阵
原文： https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/print-given-matrix-counter-clock-wise-spiral-form/
给定 2D 数组，以逆时针螺旋形式打印。 请参阅以下示例。
示例：
Input:
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16
Output:
1 5 9 13 14 15 16 12 8 4 3 2 6 10 11 7
Input:
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
13 14 15 16 17 18
Output:
1 7 13 14 15 16 17 18 12 6 5 4 3 2 8 9 10 11
说明：
下面是实现：
C++
// C++ implementation to print
// the counter clock wise
// spiral traversal of matrix
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define R 4
#define C 4
// function to print the
// required traversal
void counterClockspiralPrint(int m,
int n,
int arr[R][C])
{
int i, k = 0, l = 0;
// k - starting row index
// m - ending row index
// l - starting column index
// n - ending column index
// i - iterator
// initialize the count
int cnt = 0;
// total number of
// elements in matrix
int total = m * n;
while (k < m && l < n)
{
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first column
// from the remaining columns
for (i = k; i < m; ++i)
{
cout << arr[i][l] << " ";
cnt++;
}
l++;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last row from
// the remaining rows
for (i = l; i < n; ++i)
{
cout << arr[m - 1][i] << " ";
cnt++;
}
m--;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last column
// from the remaining columns
if (k < m)
{
for (i = m - 1; i >= k; --i)
{
cout << arr[i][n - 1] << " ";
cnt++;
}
n--;
}
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first row
// from the remaining rows
if (l < n)
{
for (i = n - 1; i >= l; --i)
{
cout << arr[k][i] << " ";
cnt++;
}
k++;
}
}
}
// Driver Code
int main()
{
int arr[R][C] = {{ 1, 2, 3, 4 },
{ 5, 6, 7, 8 },
{ 9, 10, 11, 12 },
{ 13, 14, 15, 16 }};
counterClockspiralPrint(R, C, arr);
return 0;
}
Java
// Java implementation to print
// the counter clock wise
// spiral traversal of matrix
import java.io.*;
class GFG
{
static int R = 4;
static int C = 4;
// function to print the
// required traversal
static void counterClockspiralPrint(int m,
int n,
int arr[][])
{
int i, k = 0, l = 0;
/* k - starting row index
m - ending row index
l - starting column index
n - ending column index
i - iterator */
// initialize the count
int cnt = 0;
// total number of
// elements in matrix
int total = m * n;
while (k < m && l < n)
{
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first column
// from the remaining columns
for (i = k; i < m; ++i)
{
System.out.print(arr[i][l] + " ");
cnt++;
}
l++;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last row from
// the remaining rows
for (i = l; i < n; ++i)
{
System.out.print(arr[m - 1][i] + " ");
cnt++;
}
m--;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last column
// from the remaining columns
if (k < m)
{
for (i = m - 1; i >= k; --i)
{
System.out.print(arr[i][n - 1] + " ");
cnt++;
}
n--;
}
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first row
// from the remaining rows
if (l < n)
{
for (i = n - 1; i >= l; --i)
{
System.out.print(arr[k][i] + " ");
cnt++;
}
k++;
}
}
}
// Driver Code
public static void main(String[] args)
{
int arr[][] = { { 1, 2, 3, 4 },
{ 5, 6, 7, 8 },
{ 9, 10, 11, 12 },
{ 13, 14, 15, 16 } };
// Function calling
counterClockspiralPrint(R, C, arr);
}
}
// This code is contributed by vt_m
Python3
# Python3 implementation to print
# the counter clock wise
# spiral traversal of matrix
R = 4
C = 4
# Function to print
# the required traversal
def counterClockspiralPrint(m, n, arr) :
k = 0; l = 0
# k - starting row index
# m - ending row index
# l - starting column index
# n - ending column index
# i - iterator
# initialize the count
cnt = 0
# total number of
# elements in matrix
total = m * n
while (k < m and l < n) :
if (cnt == total) :
break
# Print the first column
# from the remaining columns
for i in range(k, m) :
print(arr[i][l], end = " ")
cnt += 1
l += 1
if (cnt == total) :
break
# Print the last row from
# the remaining rows
for i in range (l, n) :
print( arr[m - 1][i], end = " ")
cnt += 1
m -= 1
if (cnt == total) :
break
# Print the last column
# from the remaining columns
if (k < m) :
for i in range(m - 1, k - 1, -1) :
print(arr[i][n - 1], end = " ")
cnt += 1
n -= 1
if (cnt == total) :
break
# Print the first row
# from the remaining rows
if (l < n) :
for i in range(n - 1, l - 1, -1) :
print( arr[k][i], end = " ")
cnt += 1
k += 1
# Driver Code
arr = [ [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ],
[ 5, 6, 7, 8 ],
[ 9, 10, 11, 12 ],
[ 13, 14, 15, 16 ] ]
counterClockspiralPrint(R, C, arr)
# This code is contributed by Nikita Tiwari
C
// C# implementation to print
// the counter clock wise
// spiral traversal of matrix;
using System;
class GFG
{
static int R = 4;
static int C = 4;
// function to print the required traversal
static void counterClockspiralPrint(int m,
int n,
int[,] arr)
{
int i, k = 0, l = 0;
// k - starting row index
// m - ending row index
// l - starting column index
// n - ending column index
// i - iterator
// initialize the count
int cnt = 0;
// total number of elements in matrix
int total = m * n;
while (k < m && l < n)
{
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first column from
// the remaining columns
for (i = k; i < m; ++i)
{
Console.Write(arr[i,l] + " ");
cnt++;
}
l++;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last row from
// the remaining rows
for (i = l; i < n; ++i)
{
Console.Write(arr[m - 1, i] + " ");
cnt++;
}
m--;
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the last column from
// the remaining columns
if (k < m) {
for (i = m - 1; i >= k; --i)
{
Console.Write(arr[i, n - 1] + " ");
cnt++;
}
n--;
}
if (cnt == total)
break;
// Print the first row from
// the remaining rows
if (l < n)
{
for (i = n - 1; i >= l; --i)
{
Console.Write(arr[k, i] + " ");
cnt++;
}
k++;
}
}
}
// Driver code
public static void Main()
{
int[,] arr =new int[,] {{1, 2, 3, 4},
{5, 6, 7, 8},
{9, 10, 11, 12},
{13, 14, 15, 16}};
// Function calling
counterClockspiralPrint(R, C, arr);
}
}
// This code is contributed by KRV.
PHP
<?php
// PHP implementation to print
// the counter clock wise
// spiral traversal of matrix
$R = 4;
$C = 4;
// function to print
// the required traversal
function counterClockspiralPrint($m, $n,
$arr)
{
$i; $k = 0; $l = 0;
/* k - starting row index
m - ending row index
l - starting column index
n - ending column index
i - iterator */
// initialize the count
$cnt = 0;
// total number of
// elements in matrix
$total = $m * $n;
while ($k < $m and $l < $n)
{
if ($cnt == $total)
break;
// Print the first column
// from the remaining columns
for ($i = $k; $i < $m; ++$i)
{
echo $arr[$i][$l] ," ";
$cnt++;
}
$l++;
if ($cnt == $total)
break;
// Print the last row from
// the remaining rows
for ($i = $l; $i < $n; ++$i)
{
echo $arr[$m - 1][$i] , " ";
$cnt++;
}
$m--;
if ($cnt == $total)
break;
// Print the last column
// from the remaining columns
if ($k < $m)
{
for ($i = $m - 1; $i >= $k; --$i)
{
echo $arr[$i][$n - 1] , " ";
$cnt++;
}
$n--;
}
if ($cnt == $total)
break;
// Print the first row
// from the remaining rows
if ($l < $n) {
for ($i = $n - 1; $i >= $l; --$i)
{
echo $arr[$k][$i] , " ";
$cnt++;
}
$k++;
}
}
}
// Driver Code
global $R,$C;
$arr = array(array( 1, 2, 3, 4 ),
array( 5, 6, 7, 8 ),
array( 9, 10, 11, 12 ),
array( 13, 14, 15, 16 ));
echo counterClockspiralPrint($R, $C, $arr);
// This code is contributed by anuj_67.
?>
输出：
1 5 9 13 14 15 16 12 8 4 3 2 6 10 11 7
时间复杂度：O(mn)。
替代实现：
Python
# Python3 implementation to print
# the counter clock wise
# spiral traversal of matrix
#function to print Matrix in CounterClockwise
def counterClockspiralPrint(Matrix):
size = len(Matrix)
flag = 0
k, i = 0, size
# Print all layers one by one
while(i > 0):
# Print First Column of Current Layer
for j in range(flag,i):
print(Matrix[j][k], end = ' ')
i = i - 1
k = j
# Print bottom row and last column
# of current layer
if (i > 0):
for j in range(size - i,i + 1):
print(Matrix[k][j], end = ' ')
for j in range(k-1,size-i-2,-1):
print(Matrix[j][k], end = ' ')
else: break
k = j
i = i-1
# Print top row of current layer
if (i > 0):
for j in range(i,size - i-2,-1):
print(Matrix[k][j], end = ' ')
k,i = k+1,i+1
flag = flag + 1
else: break
# Driver code
arr = [ [ 1, 2, 3, 4 ],
[ 5, 6, 7, 8 ],
[ 9, 10, 11, 12 ],
[ 13, 14, 15, 16 ] ]
counterClockspiralPrint(arr)
# This code is contributed by Srihari R
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