Java 序列化中可序列化和可外化的区别
将对象的状态写入文件的过程称为序列化，但严格来说，是使用我们可以实现序列化的 fileOutputStream 和 objectOutputStream 类将对象从 java 支持的形式转换为文件支持的形式或网络支持的形式的过程。
但是我们只能序列化可序列化的对象。当且仅当相应的类实现了 serializable 接口时，对象才被称为是可序列化的。可序列化接口存在于 java.io 包中，它不包含任何方法，因此它是一个标记接口。如果我们试图序列化一个不可序列化的对象，那么我们将得到运行时异常，表示不可序列化异常。
例:
爪哇
// Java Program to illustrate Serializable
// Importing utility classes
// Importing input output classes
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
// Main Class
// Class implementing serializable interface
class serializableDemo implements Serializable {
// Member variables of this class
String name;
int age;
int jobId;
// Default constructor
public serializableDemo(String name, int age, int jobId)
{
// This keyword is used to refer
// current object instance
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.jobId = jobId;
}
// Method 2
// Main driver method
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
// Creating an object of class in main() method
serializableDemo t1
= new serializableDemo("Ram", 34, 2364);
// Serialization
// Saving of object in a file
FileOutputStream fos
= new FileOutputStream("abc1.ser");
ObjectOutputStream oos
= new ObjectOutputStream(fos);
// Method for serialization of object
oos.writeObject(t1);
System.out.println("Object has been serialized");
// Deserialization
// Reading the object from a file
FileInputStream fis
= new FileInputStream("abc1.ser");
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(fis);
// Method for deserialization of object
serializableDemo t2
= (serializableDemo)ois.readObject();
// Display message only
System.out.println("Object has been deserialized ");
// Print and display the name and age
// to illustrate Serializable
System.out.println("Name:" + t2.name + "\n"
+ "Age:" + t2.age + "\n"
+ t2.jobId);
}
}
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