求前 n 个自然数的第 m 次求和。
原文:https://www . geesforgeks . org/find-mth-summary-first-n-natural-numbers/
前 n 个自然数的第 m 次求和定义如下。
If m > 1
SUM(n, m) = SUM(SUM(n, m - 1), 1)
Else
SUM(n, 1) = Sum of first n natural numbers.
给我们 m 和 n,我们需要求 SUM(n,m)。 示例:
Input : n = 4, m = 1
Output : SUM(4, 1) = 10
Explanation : 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
Input : n = 3, m = 2
Output : SUM(3, 2) = 21
Explanation : SUM(3, 2)
= SUM(SUM(3, 1), 1)
= SUM(6, 1)
= 21
朴素方法:我们可以使用两个嵌套循环来解决这个问题,其中外部循环迭代 m,内部循环迭代 n。在单个外部迭代完成后,我们应该在执行整个内部循环时更新 n,然后必须更改 n 的值。时间复杂度应为 O(n*m)。
for (int i = 1;i <= m;i++)
{
sum = 0;
for (int j = 1;j <= n;j++)
sum += j;
n = sum; // update n
}
高效方法: 我们可以用直接公式求前 n 个数的和来减少时间。 我们也可以用递归。在这种方法中,m = 1 将是我们的基本条件,对于任何中间步骤 SUM(n,m),我们将调用 SUM (SUM(n,m-1),1),对于单个步骤 SUM(n,1) = n * (n + 1) / 2 将被使用。这将把我们的时间复杂度降低到 0(m)。
int SUM (int n, int m)
{
if (m == 1)
return (n * (n + 1) / 2);
int sum = SUM(n, m-1);
return (sum * (sum + 1) / 2);
}
以下是上述思路的实现:
C++
// CPP program to find m-th summation
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// Function to return mth summation
int SUM(int n, int m)
{
// base case
if (m == 1)
return (n * (n + 1) / 2);
int sum = SUM(n, m-1);
return (sum * (sum + 1) / 2);
}
// driver program
int main()
{
int n = 5;
int m = 3;
cout << "SUM(" << n << ", " << m
<< "): " << SUM(n, m);
return 0;
}
Java 语言(一种计算机语言,尤用于创建网站)
// Java program to find m-th summation.
class GFG {
// Function to return mth summation
static int SUM(int n, int m) {
// base case
if (m == 1)
return (n * (n + 1) / 2);
int sum = SUM(n, m - 1);
return (sum * (sum + 1) / 2);
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String[] args) {
int n = 5;
int m = 3;
System.out.println("SUM(" + n + ", "
+ m + "): " + SUM(n, m));
}
}
// This code is contributed by Anant Agarwal.
Python 3T3
# Python3 program to find m-th summation
# Function to return mth summation
def SUM(n, m):
# base case
if (m == 1):
return (n * (n + 1) / 2)
sum = SUM(n, m-1)
return int(sum * (sum + 1) / 2)
# driver program
n = 5
m = 3
print("SUM(", n, ", ", m, "):", SUM(n, m))
# This code is contributed by Smitha Dinesh Semwal
T4
C
// C# program to find m-th summation.
using System;
class GFG
{
// Function to return mth summation
static int SUM(int n, int m)
{
// base case
if (m == 1)
return (n * (n + 1) / 2);
int sum = SUM(n, m - 1);
return (sum * (sum + 1) / 2);
}
// Driver Code
public static void Main()
{
int n = 5;
int m = 3;
Console.Write("SUM(" + n + ", "
+ m + "): " + SUM(n, m));
}
}
// This code is contributed by Nitin Mittal.
服务器端编程语言(Professional Hypertext Preprocessor 的缩写)
<?php
// PHP program to find m-th summation
// Function to return
// mth summation
function SUM($n, $m)
{
// base case
if ($m == 1)
return ($n * ($n + 1) / 2);
$sum = SUM($n, $m - 1);
return ($sum * ($sum + 1) / 2);
}
// Driver Code
$n = 5;
$m = 3;
echo "SUM(" , $n , ", " , $m ,
"): " , SUM($n, $m);
// This code is contributed by vt_m.
?>
java 描述语言
<script>
// javascript program to find m-th summation
// Function to return mth summation
function SUM( n, m)
{
// base case
if (m == 1)
return (n * (n + 1) / 2);
let sum = SUM(n, m-1);
return (sum * (sum + 1) / 2);
}
// driver program
let n = 5;
let m = 3;
document.write( "SUM(" + n + ", " + m
+ "): " + SUM(n, m));
// This code contributed by Rajput-Ji
</script>
输出:
SUM(5, 3): 7260
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