C# |获取栈顶对象–Peek 操作

原文:https://www . geeksforgeeks . org/c-sharp-获取堆栈顶部对象-peek-operation/

代表一个 后进先出 的集合对象。当您需要后进先出访问项目时,可以使用它。当您在列表中添加一个项目时,它被称为推动项目,当您移除它时,它被称为弹出项目。堆叠< T >。Peek 方法用于返回堆栈顶部的对象< T >而不将其移除。此方法为 O(1) 操作。

属性:

  • 堆栈的容量是堆栈可以容纳的元素数量。随着元素添加到堆栈中,容量会根据需要通过重新分配自动增加。
  • 如果计数小于堆栈的容量,推送是一个0(1)操作。如果需要增加容量来容纳新元素,Push 将成为 O(n) 操作,其中 n 为 Count。Pop 是一个 O(1) 操作。
  • 堆栈接受 null 作为有效值,并允许重复元素。

语法:

object Peek(); 

返回值:Peek()方法从类型为系统的堆栈< T >中返回最后一个(最上面的)值。对象

异常:在空栈上调用 Peek()方法会抛出invalid operationexception。所以在使用 Peek()方法检索元素之前,一定要检查堆栈中的元素。

下面给出了一些例子,以便更好地理解实现。

例 1:

// C# code to Get object at
// the top of the Stack
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class GFG {

    // Driver code
    public static void Main()
    {

        // Creating a Stack of strings
        Stack<string> myStack = new Stack<string>();

        // Inserting the elements into the Stack
        myStack.Push("1st Element");
        myStack.Push("2nd Element");
        myStack.Push("3rd Element");
        myStack.Push("4th Element");
        myStack.Push("5th Element");
        myStack.Push("6th Element");

        // Displaying the count of elements
        // contained in the Stack
        Console.Write("Total number of elements in the Stack are : ");

        Console.WriteLine(myStack.Count);

        // Displaying the top element of Stack
        // without removing it from the Stack
        Console.WriteLine("Element at the top is : " + myStack.Peek());

        // Displaying the top element of Stack
        // without removing it from the Stack
        Console.WriteLine("Element at the top is : " + myStack.Peek());

        // Displaying the count of elements
        // contained in the Stack
        Console.Write("Total number of elements in the Stack are : ");

        Console.WriteLine(myStack.Count);
    }
}

输出:

Total number of elements in the Stack are : 6
Element at the top is : 6th Element
Element at the top is : 6th Element
Total number of elements in the Stack are : 6

例 2:

// C# code to Get object at
// the top of the Stack
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

class GFG {

    // Driver code
    public static void Main()
    {

        // Creating a Stack of Integers
        Stack<int> myStack = new Stack<int>();

        // Displaying the top element of Stack
        // without removing it from the Stack
        // Calling Peek() method on empty stack
        // will throw InvalidOperationException.
        Console.WriteLine("Element at the top is : " + myStack.Peek());
    }
}

运行时错误:

未处理异常: 系统。无效操作异常:堆栈为空。

参考: