给定一个集合,求所有子集的异或。
问题是找出所有子集的异或。即如果集合是{1,2,3}。所有子集都是:[{1}、{2}、{3}、{1,2}、{1,3}、{2,3}、{1,2,3}]。求每个子集的异或,然后求每个子集结果的异或。 我们强烈建议你尽量减少浏览器,先自己试试这个。 如果我们把第一步(也是唯一一步)做对了,这是一个很简单的问题要解决。解决方法是 n > 1 时异或始终为 0,n 为 1 时置位[0]。
C++
// C++ program to find XOR of XOR's of all subsets
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// Returns XOR of all XOR's of given subset
int findXOR(int Set[], int n)
{
// XOR is 1 only when n is 1, else 0
if (n == 1)
return Set[0];
else
return 0;
}
// Driver program
int main()
{
int Set[] = {1, 2, 3};
int n = sizeof(Set)/sizeof(Set[0]);
cout << "XOR of XOR's of all subsets is "
<< findXOR(Set, n);
return 0;
}
Java 语言(一种计算机语言,尤用于创建网站)
// Java program to find XOR of
// XOR's of all subsets
import java.util.*;
class GFG {
// Returns XOR of all XOR's of given subset
static int findXOR(int Set[], int n) {
// XOR is 1 only when n is 1, else 0
if (n == 1)
return Set[0];
else
return 0;
}
// Driver code
public static void main(String arg[])
{
int Set[] = {1, 2, 3};
int n = Set.length;
System.out.print("XOR of XOR's of all subsets is " +
findXOR(Set, n));
}
}
// This code is contributed by Anant Agarwal.
Python 3
# Python program to find
# XOR of XOR's of all subsets
# Returns XOR of all
# XOR's of given subset
def findXOR(Set, n):
# XOR is 1 only when
# n is 1, else 0
if (n == 1):
return Set[0]
else:
return 0
# Driver code
Set = [1, 2, 3]
n = len(Set)
print("XOR of XOR's of all subsets is ",
findXOR(Set, n));
# This code is contributed
# by Anant Agarwal.
C
// C# program to find XOR of
// XOR's of all subsets
using System;
class GFG {
// Returns XOR of all
// XOR's of given subset
static int findXOR(int []Set, int n)
{
// XOR is 1 only when n
// is 1, else 0
if (n == 1)
return Set[0];
else
return 0;
}
// Driver code
public static void Main()
{
int []Set = {1, 2, 3};
int n = Set.Length;
Console.Write("XOR of XOR's of all subsets is " +
findXOR(Set, n));
}
}
// This code is contributed by nitin mittal
服务器端编程语言(Professional Hypertext Preprocessor 的缩写)
<?php
// PHP program to find XOR
// of XOR's of all subsets
// Returns XOR of all
// XOR's of given subset
function findXOR($Set, $n)
{
// XOR is 1 only when
// n is 1, else 0
if ($n == 1)
return $Set[0];
else
return 0;
}
// Driver Code
$Set = array(1, 2, 3);
$n = count($Set);
echo "XOR of XOR's of all subsets is "
, findXOR($Set, $n);
// This code is contributed by anuj_67.
?>
java 描述语言
<script>
// JavaScript program to find XOR of XOR's of all subsets
// Returns XOR of all XOR's of given subset
function findXOR(Set, n)
{
// XOR is 1 only when n is 1, else 0
if (n == 1)
return Set[0];
else
return 0;
}
// Driver program
let Set = [1, 2, 3];
let n = Set.length;
document.write("XOR of XOR's of all subsets is "
+ findXOR(Set, n));
// This code is contributed by Surbhi Tyagi
</script>
输出:
XOR of XOR's of all subsets is 0
时间复杂度: O(1)
辅助空间: O(1)
相关问题: 所有可能子集的异或之和 这是如何工作的? 逻辑很简单。让我们考虑第 n 个元素,它可以包含在剩余(n-1)个元素的所有子集中。(n-1)个元素的子集数等于 2 (n-1) ,n > 1 时总是偶数。因此,在异或结果中,每个元素被包括偶数次,并且任何数量的偶数出现的异或为 0。 本文由 Ekta Goel 供稿。如果您发现任何不正确的地方,请写评论,或者您想分享更多关于上述主题的信息
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